Ultrafast lasers include picosecond and femtosecond lasers. Picosecond lasers are a technological upgrade of nanosecond lasers, and picosecond lasers use mode-locking technology, while nanosecond lasers use Q-switched technology. Femtosecond technology uses a completely different technical route.
The light emitted by the seed source is broadened by the pulse stretcher, amplified by the CPA power amplifier, and finally compressed by the pulse compressor to extract the light. The technology is more difficult.
When it comes to femtosecond laser, the first thing that comes to mind may be common uses such as femtosecond myopia correction and femtosecond freckle removal used in medical cosmetology. Femtosecond lasers are also divided into different wavelengths such as infrared, green light, and ultraviolet. Among them, infrared light Unique advantages in the field of application: Infrared lasers can be selectively absorbed by materials or molecules and have almost no heat-affected zones in laser processing in industries such as electronics, photonics or medical. Currently, it can be used in many fields such as materials processing, surgery, consumer, electronic communications, spectroscopy, aerospace, defense applications and basic science.
1. Processing of ultra-thin glass (UTG)
At present, ultra-thin glass materials have been widely used in consumer electronics displays and semiconductor industries. For example, the substrate glass in our commonly used OLED screens is ultra-thin glass (UTG).
With the continuous innovation of mobile phone technology, mobile phone screens are becoming younger and more diverse, and folding screen technology emerged as the times require. However, folding screen mobile phones have very high requirements for glass.
The thinner the glass, the better the light transmission performance, the better flexibility, and the lighter the weight. However, this type of electronic glass processing requires high precision, high efficiency, no micro-cracks, no dark cracks, etc. Therefore, ultra-fast laser processing of electronic glass has become the main processing method at present, and as our requirements for edge chipping and micro-cracks increase, , femtosecond laser is gradually becoming the best choice.
Femtosecond laser has ultra-high energy density and can easily exceed the glass damage threshold; at the same time, ultra-thin glass is more sensitive to heat, and femtosecond pulse is a "cold processing" mode, which can make the edge of the light spot complete, the light spots do not interfere with each other, and achieve ultra-low fracture Effect: During the processing process, the side wall can be made smooth, irregular chipping is less likely to occur, and abnormal cracks caused by excess heat are less likely to occur. It has no impact on the UTG bending radius and can maximize the bending life.
2. Processing of gold-plated copper foil
Copper foil is one of the commonly used components in the electronics industry. The electrolyte is a negative electrolyte that is deposited in a layer on the circuit board substrate and serves as the circuit board's electrical conductor. Copper foil is a very thin copper product. Copper is the same as paper and its thickness is also microns. Usually 5um-135um, the thinner and wider the harder it is to make. Simply put, copper foil is pressed into very thin sheets.
Copper foil is widely used in all aspects, such as electric vehicles, consumer electronics, aerospace, communication equipment and other fields. The traditional processing method is mainly die-cutting, but there are deficiencies in efficiency, processing speed, loss and cutting accuracy. When using ordinary laser cutting, the thermal effect is large. The thermal effect on the edges makes the copper foil easy to warp and deform, and the edges are carbonized, leading to material degeneration.
The femtosecond laser has more obvious advantages in processing copper foil due to its unique "cold processing" mode. Femtosecond laser has a narrower pulse width, which can process the material with very little thermal effect, avoiding damage to the material caused by heat accumulation, and well protecting the gold-plated layer from falling off.
During the direct cutting process, there will be no discoloration, no melting, no material contamination, etc.; and the femtosecond laser has excellent beam quality output. After focusing, it can ensure the consistency of the edge effect of the processed material and the cutting path. , the flatness on both sides of the end face enables truly precise cutting; it also supports multiple burst and pulse editing functions, further improving the processing efficiency and effect.
In terms of ceramics, zirconia (YSZ) ceramic substrates have excellent high temperature resistance and can be used as induction heating tubes, refractory materials, and heating elements. And it has sensitive electrical performance parameters, high toughness, high flexural strength and high wear resistance, excellent thermal insulation properties, thermal expansion coefficient and other advantages close to steel. It is mainly used in ceramic knives, oxygen sensors, thermal substrates for fuel cells, Solid oxide fuel cells and high-temperature heating elements, etc.
Compared with metals, zirconia ceramics have the advantages of better wear resistance, smooth surface, good texture, and no oxidation. Many well-known high-end brands have also launched high-end ceramic watches, occupying a place in the field of smart wear; ceramic ferrules and sleeves are also widely used in the field of optical fiber connectors; at the same time, zirconia ceramics have no signal shielding, are anti-drop, wear-resistant, and It has the advantages of folding, warm and smooth appearance, and good hand feel, and is widely used in 3C electronic fields such as mobile phones.
However, during the processing of traditional zirconia ceramics, there are inevitably a series of problems such as poor processing quality and low processing efficiency. This requires the use of femtosecond laser processing, which can solve this problem more precisely and efficiently.
Due to the high energy peak of the femtosecond pulse, the cold processing mode can be realized and can better meet the strict requirements of the product. During the product processing, the femtosecond laser consumes less energy and causes less damage to the material, so the processing accuracy is high; non-traditional Mechanical contact processing is stress-free and evenly distributed at the edge of the sample.
Ceramic chipping is less likely to occur in the melted state and the quality is better. The femtosecond laser has extremely high energy density during the processing process and can achieve more efficient cutting capabilities for zirconia ceramic materials. , capable of quickly cutting material structures and forming them.
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